{"id":2348,"date":"2022-08-02T03:10:07","date_gmt":"2022-08-02T03:10:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulamanusantaracenter.com\/?p=2348"},"modified":"2022-08-02T04:36:29","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T04:36:29","slug":"sebuah-muqodimah-kitab-alfiyah-ibnu-malik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulamanusantaracenter.com\/?p=2348","title":{"rendered":"Sebuah Muqodimah Kitab Alfiyah Ibnu Malik"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oleh: Ni’amul Qohar<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064c \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0650\u00a0 #\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u064e \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0650<\/p>\n

Syaikh Muhammad Ibnu Malik berkata# Segala puji bagi Tuhanku yaitu Allah sebaik-baiknya Dzat yang menguasai.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0645\u064f\u0635\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0651\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0649 # \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0627<\/p>\n

Seraya bershalawat (memohon rahmat) kepada Nabiku terpilih (Muhammad SAW) # Beserta keluarganya yang memiliki sifat sempurna kemuliaannya.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0639\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u00a0 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0652 # \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0635\u0650\u062f\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0648\u0650 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0648\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0652<\/p>\n

Saya (Ibnu Malik) memohon pertolongan kepada Allah di dalam mengarang nadhom seribu bait (Alfiyah) (ini) # yang memuat (keterangan) tujuan-tujuan atau metode ilmu nahwu.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0642\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0638\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0648\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0632\u0650 # \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0633\u064f\u0637\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0630\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0648\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0632\u0650<\/p>\n

(Nadhom Alfiyah) (membantu) memudahkan (perkara) yang sulit dengan (menggunakan) lafadzh yang ringkas # Serta memberikan penjabaran keterangan (ilmu nahwu) dengan janji yang dapat ditepati.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0636\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u0631\u0650\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0633\u064f\u062e\u0652\u0637\u0650 # \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0652<\/p>\n

Dikehendaki (adanya nadhom ini) dengan sifat kerelaan tanpa adanya kebencian # (Nadhom Alfiyah) ini mengungguli (karya) Alfiyah-nya Ibnu Mu\u2019thi.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0648\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0633\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0642\u064d \u062d\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0632\u064c \u062a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0636\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e # \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0628\u064c \u062b\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e<\/p>\n

(Namun) Ibnu Mu\u2019thi adalah orang yang lebih dahulu (memperkasainya), (sehingga menjadi) pemilik kehormatan tersebut. (Maka) (sudah sepatutnya) \u00a0Ibnu Mu\u2019thi berhak mendapatkan pujian terbaik dariku.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0636\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0652 # \u0644\u0650\u064a\u0652\u00a0 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0652<\/p>\n

Semoga Allah memberikan putusanNya (berupa pahala) yang sempurna # Bagi diriku dan Ibnu Mu\u2019thi yaitu sebuah kedudukan (tinggi) di akhirat.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064c \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0650\u00a0 #\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0650 Syaikh Muhammad Ibnu Malik memulai karangannya ini dengan memuji Allah SWT yang Maha Merajai seluruh alam, serta bershalawat (memohon rahmat) kepada baginda Nabi Muhammad SAW beserta keluarganya yang sangat mulia dan sempurna. Ia menggunakan zaman madhi untuk mengawali menulis nadhom ini, yaitu yang tersimpan dalam lafadz (\u0642\u0627\u0644). Lafadz (\u0642\u0627\u0644) di sini merupakan fi\u2019il madhi yang memiliki makna istiqbal atau mustaqbal. Hal ini sebagaimana seperti di dalam Firman Allah SWT\u00a0 \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647\u00a0 (Pasti akan datang ketetapan Allah, maka janganlah kamu meminta agar disegerakan kedatangannya), yang dimaksud yaitu hari kiamat yang pasti akan datang. Fi\u2019il madhi memiliki makna asli yaitu zaman yang sudah lampau, atau kelewat. Namun di dalam lafadz (\u0623\u062a\u0649) di atas menggunakan makna zaman mustaqbal yang berarti akan datang. Hal ini di dalam kajian gramatika Arab diperbolehkan dengan alasan yakin atas suatu perkara atau kejadian tersebut akan terjadi dengan pasti. Hari kiamat yakin pasti akan terjadi di suatu masa nanti. Begitupun dengan Imam Ibnu Malik yang menggunakan fi\u2019il madhi dalam lafadz (\u0642\u0627\u0644), ia yakin akan bisa terwujudnya karangannya ini Alfiyah Ibnu Malik. Atau bisa dikatakan yakin atas puji dan pertolongan Allah SWT.<\/p>\n

Penisbatan beliau kepada kakeknya memiliki beberapa alasan, pertama karena menjaga adab kepada nabi Muhammad SAW. Kedua karena kakeknya lebih terkenal. Ketiga bertafa\u2019ul agar memiliki banyak ilmu. Dan keempat bertujuan Jinas Tam, yaitu sebuah penggunaan kata agar bisa mirip dalam sebuah susunannya, kalau dalam kajian syairnya sepeti halnya penggunakan bunyi vokal yang selaras.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0636\u0650\u0649 \u0631\u0650\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0633\u064f\u062e\u0652\u0637\u0650 # \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a \u00a0Alfiyah Ibnu Malik memiliki nilai lebih unggul dibanding dengan Alfiyahnya Ibnu Mu\u2019thi. Letak keunggulannya yaitu berada pada lafadz dan makna. Pada lafadznya, Alfiyah Ibnu Malik terdiri dari bahar Rojaz saja, sedangkan Ibnu Mu\u2019thi terdiri dari bahar Rojaz dan bahar Sar\u2019i. Sedangkan secara makna, Alfiyah Ibnu Malik lebih banyak cakupannya mengenai hukum ilmu nahwu.<\/p>\n

Imam Ibnu Mu\u2019thi memiliki nama lengkap\u00a0 Abi al-Hasan Yahya bin Abd An-Nur Az-Zawawi. Ia Lahir pada tahun 564 H, menetap di Damaskus atau Syiria dalam kurun waktu yang cukup lama. Setelah dari sana, ia hijrah ke Mesir di Jami\u2019 Al-Athiq untuk mengajar kitab adab sampai wafat pada bulan Dzulqo\u2019dah 628 H. Makamnya berada didekat makam Imam Syafi\u2019i.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0633\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0642\u064d \u062d\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0632\u064c \u062a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0638\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e # \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0628\u064c \u062b\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u064a\u0650\u0626\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e \u00a0Imam Ibnu Malik mengakui bahwa Imam Ibnu Mu\u2019thi lebih utama darinya. Karena masanya Imam Ibnu Mu\u2019thi lebih dahulu dari pada dirinya. Seperti halnya makna filosofis di dalam bab mubtada\u2019 yang dibaca rafa\u2019. Artinya seseorang yang lebih dahulu menjadi pengawal (mubtada\u2019) dalam segala hal akan memiliki kedudukan yang tinggi (rafa\u2019).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0636\u0650\u064a \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0647\u0652 # \u0644\u0650\u0649\u00a0 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0647\u0652\u00a0 Muqodimah kitab Alfiyah Ibnu Malik ini ditutup dengan sebuah doa untuk dirinya sendiri dan untuk Ibnu Mu\u2019thi. Semoga Allah menempatkan kedudukan tinggi di akhirat buatku (Imam Ibnu Malik) dan untuk Imam Ibnu Mu’thi. Nabi Muhammad SAW pernah bersabda,<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 (\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630)<\/p>\n

“Bahwa Rasulullah SAW ketika menyebutkan seseorang lantas berdoa untuknya, maka Rasulullah SAW mengawali doa untuk dirinya sendiri (terlebih dahulu).”<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Wallahu’alam bishowab<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sumber Referensi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Al Kassaf Team, “Pena Andalusia”, 2017, PP. Fadllul Wahid Ngangkruk, Bandungsari, Ngaringan, Grobogan.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oleh: Ni’amul Qohar \u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064c \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0650\u00a0 #\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2358,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[380],"tags":[370,70],"series":[],"class_list":["post-2348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kajian-gramatika-arab","tag-alfiyahibnumalik","tag-ulamanusantaracenter"],"yoast_head":"\nSebuah Muqodimah Kitab Alfiyah Ibnu Malik - Ulama Nusantara Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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